Educational Trainers

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Digitallab station is designed for the logic beginners to enhance the comprehension of basic logical theory. The digital lab covers regular digital circuits by solder-less interconnections on breadboard and as well as compitable with all optional modules through use of 2mm brass terminals and patch cords The design of the equipment is easy to operate and understand. It is equipped with various kinds of basic logic gates, debounced logical switches, LED indicators, DC power supply with short circuit protection, pulse generator and solderless breadboard. The unit housed in attractive enclosure is supplied with mains cord, patch cords, Instruction manual.

Learners in high schools, polytechnic colleges and universities, can use the trainer as independent activity tool.

• 1. Logic gates operation
• 2. To prove De-morgan''s theorem With boolean logic equations
• 3. Binary to Gray code conversion
• 4. Gray code to Binary conversion
• 5. Binary to Excess-3 code conversion
• 6. Binary Adder and Subtractor
• 7. Binary Multiplier
• 8. EX-OR gate implementation
• 9. Application of EX-OR gate
• 10. Johnson Counter
• 11. To verify the dual nature of Logic Gates
• 12. Study of Flip-Flops RS, JK, D&T
• 13. Multiplexer and Demultiplexer
• 14. 4 Bit Binary up and down counter
• 15. Study of 8 to 3 Line Encoder
• 16. Study of 3 to 8 Line Decoder
• 17. Study of Shift Register (SIPO)
• 18. CMOS-TTL Interfacing
• 19. Study of Crystal oscillator
• 20. Study of pulse stretcher circuit
• 21. 4 Bit Ring Counter
• 22. Modulo 12 Counter By Direct Clearing
• 23. Decade counter
• 24. Shift Register SISO and PIPO

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• Emulation of path loss at uplink and downlink
• Emulation of frequency translation
• High RF output power and low noise
• PLL synthesizer in Transmitter, Receiver and Satellite
• Condenser microphone and speaker for audio link
• Camera and Video to VGA converter Card for video link
• 2 Dish & 2 Patch for linear polarization study
• C/N and S/N measurement facility
• Transmit Audio, Video, Digital/analog data, Tone, Voice, functiongenerator waveforms etc.
• Receives & demodulates 3 Signals Simultaneously

• Frequency : 4 channels in 2.4 to 2.5 Ghz band ;
• PLL with frequency selection switch &
• LED indication
• Spurious output : - 30 dB typical
• RF Output Z : 75 Ohms Unbalanced
• RF output level : +3 dBm nominal with wideband RF amplifier with no manual matching required
• Path Loss : Upto 35dB variable attenuation
• Audio 1 : Int. 1KHz sine wave / Ext Mic Ext. Function
• Generator waveform
• Audio 2 : Int. 1KHz sine wave / Ext Mic Ext. Function
• Generator waveform
• Video : Analog Camera/VCD compatible
• Waveform : upto 5MHz function generator
• Digital : Max rate 100KHz typical
• Baseband : Transmits 3 signals simultaneously at each uplink frequency
• Processor : PIC16F4 - 8 bit RISC processor based PLL with 4 Mhz clock
• Bandwidth : 16 Mhz
• Modulation : 5/ 5.5MHz Audio FM Modulation 8 Mhz
• Video FM Modulation
• Antenna : Detachable Parabolic dish with mount
• Inputs : separate terminals for different inputs
• Power Supply : 100-240V AC 47-63Hz

• Frequency : 4 channels in 2.4 to 2.5 Ghz band PLL Controlled ISM Band
• RF Input Z : 75 Ohms Unbalanced
• Sensitivity : -80dBm
• Audio 1out : Speaker inbuilt/output
• Audio 2 out : Speaker inbuilt/output
• Video Out : 5MHz, 1V p/p
• Digital : Max rate 100KHz typical TTL
• RSSI Out : Received signal strength output for C/N measurement
• IF : 479.5MHz
• Antenna : Detachable Parabolic dish with mount
• Demodulation : Receives & demodulates 3 signals simulataneously
• Power Supply : 100-240V AC 47-63Hz

• Frequency : 4 channels in 2.4 to 2.5 Ghz band ; PLL Synthesized
• ISM Band with select switch
• RF Input Z : 75 Ohms unbalanced
• Sensitivity : -80dBm

• Frequency : 4 channels in 2.4 to 2.5 Ghz band ; PLL
• Synthesized ISM Band
• Spurious output : - 30 dB typical
• RF Output Z : 75 Ohms unbalanced
• RF output level : 0 dBm nominal
• Path Loss : 30dB variable attenuation
• Link Fail : Switch to disable link
• Band limiting : 16MHz fixed typical
• Antennas : Patch antenna X2
• Power Supply : 100-240V AC 47-63Hz
• Accessories : Camera, microphone, video to VGA
• converter Card, cables BNC-BNC X2

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Satellite Communication Lab Features:

• Microwave 2.4 GHz operation satellite trainer
• 500MHz spectrum analyser providedfele
• Tele-command and telemetry facility
• Different baud rates PC-PC link.
• Emulation of variable signal fading, variable thermal noise
• Variable propagation delay.
• Total 4 variable path loss at uplink and downlink channels
• High RF output power and low noise
• LCD display of PLL synthesized frequency in transmitter,
• Receiver and satellite emulator
• Condenser microphone and speaker for audio link
• Camera and video to VGA converter for video link
• Satellite has built-in antennas, transponder for link
• Helix (LHCP X 2 & RHCP X 2), log periodic X 2, Dish X 2 & Patch X 2 for linear & circular polarization study
• Signal monitoring outputs at uplink & downlink
• C/N and S/N measurement facility

• Frequency :Frequency : 2.4, 2.427, 2.454 & 2.481 GHz PLL synthesized ISM Band
• Display : LCD 16X2 backlit spurious output : 30 dB typical
• RF Output Z : 75 Ohms unbalanced
• RF output level : +3 dBm nominal
• Path Loss : Upto 35dB variable attenuation
• Audio 1 : Int. 1KHz sine wave / Ext Mic Ext. function generator waveform
• Audio 2 : Int. 1KHz sine wave / Ext Mic Ext. function generator waveform
• Video : Colour/monochrome camera/VCD
• Waveform : upto 5MHz function generator
• Digital : Max bit rate 500KHz typical
• RS232 : PC serial port compatible intput
• Tele-command : Selectable 4 bit binary input with selectable 4 addresses
• Enable : Telecommand frame available at digital input
• FM deviation : Variable on audio and video/data

• Frequency :2.4, 2.427, 2.454 & 2.481 GHz PLL Synthesized ISM Band
• Display : LCD 16 X 2 Backlit
• RF Input Z : 75 Ohms Unbalanced
• Sensitivity : -85dBm
• Path Loss : 20dB typical variable attenuation
• Audio 1out : Speaker inbuilt/output
• Audio 2 out : Speaker inbuilt/output
• Video Out : 5MHz bandwidth, 1V p/p
• Digital : Max bit rate 500KHz typical TTL
• Rs232 : PC serial port compatible output
• Down-converter : 400-500MHz output for spectrum analysis
• Telemetry : 4 bit binary LED output with Selectable 4 addresses
• Valid/Error : Tele-command frame available at correction digital output
• RSSI Out : Received signal strength output for C/N measurement

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RF TRAINING SYSTEM

Technical Specifications:

Center freq. : 100-150 MHz typ. varactor tuned

RF Oscillators:

a.  RFT-02-A Colpitts RF Oscillator Module:
     Frequency : >100 MHz typical

b.  RFT-02-B Hartley RF Oscillator Module:
     Frequency : >100 MHz varactor tunable

c.  RFT-02-C Clapp RF Oscillator Module:
     Frequency : >100 MHz varactor tunable

d.  RFT-02-D Pierce RF Oscillator Module:
     Frequency : 48.25 Mhz

RF Crystal Oscillators

a.  RFT-03-A Feedback Crystal Oscillator Mod.:
     Frequency : 10 MHz typical

b.  RFT-03-B Colpitts Crystal Oscillator module:
     Frequency : 38.9 MHz typical

c.  RFT-03-C Butler Crystal oscillator module:
     Frequency : above 80 MHz

d.  RFT-03-D Crystal frequency multiplier mod.:
     2nd harmonic : >10dB fundamental

IF Amplifiers:

a.  RFT-04-A FM IF amplifier module:
     Center freq. : 10.7 MHz

b.  RFT-04-B TVVIF amplifier module:
     Center freq. : 36.15 MHz

c.  RFT-04-C Satellite IF amplifier module:
     Center freq. : 479.5MHz typical

a.  RFT-05-A Single ended Diode Mixer:
     LO /RF freq. : 500-1000 MHz typical

b.  RFT-05-B Single Balanced Diode mixer:
     LO/RF freq . : 25-500 MHz typical

c.  RFT-05-C Double balanced diode mixer:
     RF / LO freq. : 500-1000 MHz typical

d.  RFT-05-D Transistor Mixer Module:
     LO input typical : 400-600 MHz
     Conversion gain : +3dB

RF Filters

a.  RFT-06-A1 High Pass Filter Module:
     Filter type : Butterworth 7th order
     Cut off freq. : 350 MHz typical

b.  RFT-06-A2 High Pass Filter Module:
     Filter type : Chebyshev 7th order
     Cut off freq. : 350 MHz typical

c.  RFT-06-B1 Low Pass Filter Module:
     Filter type   : Butterworth 7th order 
     Cut off freq. : 350 MHz typical

d.  RFT-06-B2 Low Pass Filter Module:
     Filter type   : Chebyshev 7th order
     Cut off freq. : 350 MHz typical

e.  RFT-06-C1 Band Pass Filter Module:
     Filter type : Butterworth 5th order
     F1 & F2 : 100 & 350 MHz typical

F.   FT-06-C2 Band Pass Filter Module:
     Filter type : Chebyshev 5th order
     F1 & F2    : 100 & 350 MHz typical

g.   RFT-06-D Notch Filter Module:
      Center freq. : 350 MHz nominal

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The Microwave Test Benches are precision made microwave systems, which use standard type rectangular wave-guide components to illustrate the essential elements of this field for study.     

The equipment consist of :

•  A selection of wave-guide components        
•  The power supply for the microwave source  
•  A detector                                             
•  A meter, which monitors the detector output
•  Wall Chart          
•  Microwave Chart   

These Training Benches are completely self-contained & provide the means to allow students to carry out practical work at extremely low cost. A comprehensive manual containing extensive microwave theory and a progressive series of assignments is supplied with the Trainer.         

Experiments

• Dielectric Constant Measurement of Solids     
• Dielectric Constant Measurement of Liquid     
• Phase Shift Measurement.     
  

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RF (l-c) oscillators (hartley’s, colpitt’s, clapp’s)

Experiment training board has been designed specifically for the study of transistor RF oscillators such as (i) hartley’s (ii) colpitt’s and (iii) clapp’s oscillators using l-c.

To study the following transistor rf oscillators using l-c :

•  Hartley’s oscillator    
•  Colpitt’s oscillator    
•  Clapp’s oscillator         

The board consists of the following built-in parts :

1. 9v dc at 50ma, ic regulated power supply internally connected 
2. Pnp transistor                                                                   
3. Variable gang condenser                                                   

• Adequate no. Of other electronic components
• Mains on/off switch, fuse and jewel light         
• The unit is operative on 230v ±10% at 50hz a. C. Mains        
• Adequate no. Of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre                                          
• Good quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections/ observation of waveforms        
• Strongly supported by detailed operating instructions, giving details of object, theory, design procedures, report suggestions and book   

• Weight : 3 kg. (approx. )
• Dimension : w 340 x h 110 x d 210

• Absorption wave meter

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically for study of Series and Parallel Resonance in LCR Circuits, measurement of Q and dielectric constant of a liquid.Practical experience on these boards carries great educative value for Science and Engineering Students.

To study the following :

• Series resonance for different values of resistances, capacitances, inductances and plotting of resonance curves.
• Parallel resonance for different values of resistances,capacitances, inductances and plotting of resonance curves.
• Measurement of Q for both series and parallel resonances.
• Measurement of dielectric constant relative permitivity of a liquid.

The board consists of the following built-in parts :

01. Three inductances made on ferrite cores, selectable by a switch.
02. Three capacitances with low loss factor, selectable by a switch.
03. Three resistances , selectable by a switch.

• Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4/ 2mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
• Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on  panel for connections/ observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design procedures, Report Suggestions and Book

•  Weight : 3 Kg. (Approx.)
•  Dimension : W 340 x H 110 x D 210

•  Decade Audio Frequency Generator
•  A.C. Millivoltmeter
•   A.F. Millivoltmeter

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically for the study of two stage r-c coupled transistor amplifier. Practical experience on these boards carries great educative value for science and engineering students.

Study of the characteristics of two stage r-c coupled transistor amplifier :

• Study of the overload characteristics of the amplifier.
• Study of the frequency response of the individual as well as the cascade amplifier.
• Calculate the output and input impedance of the individual stages as well as that of cascade amplifier.

The board consists of the following built in parts :

01. -12v d. C. Ic regulated power supply internally connected.

02. Two pnp transistors.

03. Adequate no. Of other electronic components.

04. Mains on/off switch, fuse and jewel light.

 The unit is operative on 230v ±10% at 50hz a. C. Mains.

•  Adequate no. Of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loadedplug length ½ metre.
• Good quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places onpanel for connections/ observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed operating instructions, giving details of object,theory, design procedures, report suggestions and book references.

•  Weight : 3 kg. (approx. )
•  Dimension : w 340 x h 110 x d 210

Other apparatus required:

•  Decade audio frequency generator
•  A. C. Millivoltmeter
•  Decade resistance box

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Transistor characteristics

Experimental training board has been designed specifically to study the transistor input and output characteristics in different modes i. E. Common base, common emitter and common collector. This training board is an improved version with germanium npn & pnp transistors in addition to silicon npn & pnp transistors and four meters. The board is absolutely self contained and requires no other apparatus.
practical experience on this board carries great educative value for science and engineering students.

Object:

To study and plot the transistor input and output characteristics in the following configurations :

01. Common emitter mode.

02. Common base mode.

03. Common collector mode.

Features:

The board consists of the following built-in parts :

01. Two 0-10v d. C. At 200ma, continuously variable power supplies for base emitter & collector emitter junctions.

02. Two d. C. Ammeters, 65mm rectangular dial with switch selectable ranges of 200 ma &10ma.

03. Two d. C. Voltmeters, 65mm rectangular dial with switch selectable ranges of 1v and 10v.

04. Two silicon (npn & pnp) transistors and two germanium (npn & pnp) transistors.

05. Adequate no. Of other electronic components

06. Mains on/off switch, fuse and jewel light.

• The unit is operative on 230v ±10% at 50hz a. C. Mains.
• Adequate no. Of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug, length ½ metre.
• Good quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections /observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed operating instructions, giving details of object, theory, design procedures, report suggestions and book references.
• Weight : 5 kg. (approx. )
• Dimension : w 412 x h 150 x d310

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Experimental training board  has been designed specifically for the study & verification of the laws and network theorems in d. C. Circuits. The board is absolutely self contained and requires no other apparatus.

Practical experience on this board carries great educative value for science and engineering students.

Object:

01. Verification of ohm’s law    
02. To draw the v-i characteristics for studying the d. C. Behavior of the following :

•  Ideal resistance                
•  Semiconductor diode  
•  Zener diode
•  Thermistor (ntc type)

03. To verify kirchoff’s current law and voltage law
04. Verification of the series & parallel laws for resistances
05. Verification of superposition theorem
06. Study of potential divider.         
07. Verification of maximum power transfer theorem
08. To verify thevenin’s theorem and to find equivalent voltage source circuit
09. To verify norton’s theorem and to find equivalent current source circuit
10. To study the design of a multimeter

Features:

The board consists of following built-in parts:

01. 0-30v d. C. At 100 ma, continuously variable ic regulated power supply
02. +9v d. C. At 100 ma, ic regulated power supply
03. +5v d. C. At 100 ma , ic regulated power supply
04. D. C. Voltmeter, 65mm rectangular dial with switch selectable ranges of 0. 5, 1. 5, 25 & 50v
05. D. C. Ammeter, 65mm rectangular dial with switch selectable ranges of 0. 05, 0. 5, 5, 50 & 100ma
06. Adequate no. Of other electronic components

• The unit is operative on 230v ±10% at 50hz a. C. Mains
• Adequate no. Of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre
• Good quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections / observation of waveforms
• Strongly supported by detailed operating instructions, giving details of object, theory, design procedures, report suggestions and book references
• Weight : 3 kg. (approx. )
• Dimension : w 412 x h 150 x d 310

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically to study different properties of Unijunction Transistor. Practical experience on this board carries great educative value for Science and Engineering Students.

Object:
01. To plot V-I characteristics of a given U.J.T. (Unijunction Transistor).
02. To use the given U.J.T. as a Relaxation Oscillator.

Features:           
The board consists of the following built-in parts 
01. Two 0-30V DC at 50mA, continuously variable regulated Power Supplies
02. D.C. Voltmeter, 65mm rectangular dial to read 0-30V.
03. D.C. Ammeter, 65mm rectangular dial to read 0-5mA.
04. Unijunction Transistor.
05. Adequate no. of other electronic components
06. Mains ON/OFF switch, Fuse and Jewel light

• The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains.
• Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
• Good quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections/ observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References.
• Weight : 3 Kg. (Approx.)
• Dimension : W 340 x H 110 x D 210

Other Apparatus Required:

• Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 20MHz

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically to study the characteristics of a large family of semiconductor devices. Practical experience on this board carries great educative value for science and engineering students.

Object:
to study the characteristics of the following electronic devices :
01. Germanium and silicon diodes.
02. Zener diodes.
03. Transistor ( bipolar ) pnp and npn.
04. Field effect transistor (fet).
05. Uni-junction transistor (ujt).
06. Light emitting diode (led).
07. Photo diode.
08. Photo transistor .
09. Thermistors n. T. C. And p. T. C.
10. Voltage dependant resistor (v. D. R. ).
11. Light dependant resistor (l. D. R. ).
12. Opto-coupler.
13. Diac.
14. Silicon controlled rectifier (scr).
15. Triac.
16. Varactor diode ( varicap diode).

Features:
the board consists of the following built-in-parts:
01. Two, 0-1. 5v dc, 0-10v dc and 0-25v dc at 500ma, ic regulated power supplies (switch selectable).
02. 0-50v d. C. At 100ma,continuously variable regulated power supply.
03. Two, d. C. Ammeters, 65mm rectangular dial with switch selectable ranges of 50ma, 500ma, 5ma, 50ma and 500ma.
04. D. C. Voltmeter,65mm rectangular dial with switch selectable ranges of 1v,10v and 50v.
05. Electronic devices (all as mentioned under heading “object”).
06. Adequate no. Of other electronic components.
07. Mains on/off switch, fuse and jewel light.

• The unit is operative on 230v±10% at 50hz a. C. Mains.
• Sdequate no. Of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 2mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
• Good quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections/ observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed operating instructions, giving details of object, theory, design procedures, report suggestions and book references.
• Weight : 7 kg. (approx. )
• Dimension : w 412 x h 150 x d 310

Other apparatus required:

•  Digital capacitance meter

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Practical experience on this board carries great educative value for Science and Engineering Students.

List of experiments
Following experiments can be performed :
01. Basic operational amplifier circuit
01. Inverting amplifier
02. Non-inverting amplifier
03. Inverting A.C. amplifier
04. Non-inverting A.C. amplifier
05. High input impedance inverting amplifier
06. High input impedance non-inverting amplifier

02. SOURCE FOLLOWERS
01. Voltage Follower (Unit gain buffer amplifier)
02. A.C. Voltage follower

03. OP- AMPS AS ANALOGUE COMPUTER ELEMENTS
01. Inverting summing amplifier
02. Non-inverting summing amplifier
03. Subtractor
04. Differential amplifier
05. A.C. differential amplifier
06. Adder subtractor
07. Multiplication by a constant
08. Division by a constant
09. Integrating amplifier for DC input signals
10. Integrating amplifier for AC input signals
11. Differentiator amplifier
12. Non-inverting differentiator

04. FUNCTION GENERATOR
01. Sine Wave generator using wien bridge network
02. Square Wave generator
03. Pulse generator
04. Square and Triangular wave generator
05. Saw tooth generator
06. Synchronised sawtooth generator with negative going pulse trigger
07. Synchronised sawtooth generator with positive going pulse trigger

05. MULTIVIBRATORS
01. Astable multivibrator
02. Monostable multivibrator
03. Bistable multivibrator

06. FILTERS
01. Low pass active filter
02. High pass active filter
03. Band pass active filter
04. Notch filter

07. VOLTAGE AND CURRENT REGULATOR
01. Basic reference voltage source
02. Basic reference voltage source with buffered output
03. Basic reference voltage source with negative output
04. Negative voltage reference source with buffered output
05. Positive regulator with variable buffered output
06. Negative regulator with variable buffered output
07. Buffered reference source
08. Basic non-inverting voltage controlled current source

08. SIGN CHANGER
01. Sign changer with variable output
02. Switch select sign changer

09. PHASE SHIFT CIRCUIT
01. Constant amplitude lag circuit
02. Constant amplitude lead circuit

10. SIGNAL PROCESSING CIRCUITS
01. Diodes
01. Precision Diode with +O/P
02. Precision Diode with -O/P
02. Rectifier
01. Half wave rectifier
02. Full wave rectifier
03. Filtered full wave rectifier
03. Detectors
01. Peak detector
02. Buffered peak detector
03. Inverting peak detector
04. Zero crossing detector
05. Buffered zero crossing
04. Clippers
01. Positive peak clipper
02. Negative peak clipper
03. Self buffered series clipper
04. Shunt clipper
05. DC restorer
05. Dead Band Response
01. Feed back circuit with dead band response
02. Variable dead band circuit

11. LIMITERS
01. General purpose unipolar limiter
02. Bipolar zener limiter
03. Input current limiter
04. Diode bridge limiter using one zener
05. Adjustable bipolar limiter

12. COMPARATORS
01. Fast precision voltage comparator
02. Single ended comparator with hysteresis & clamped feed back
03. Comparator for signals of opposite polarity
04. Comparator for A.C. coupled signals

13. INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER
01. Basic differential input instrumentation amplifier
02. Instrumentation amplifier with high input impedance

14. OUTPUT DISPLAYS FOR COMPARATOR
01. LED driver
02. Lamp driver

15. METERING CIRCUITS
01. D.C. voltmeter
02. D.C. ammeter
03. Resistance to voltage converter

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically to study the characteristics of opto electronic devices. Different experiments have been included in this opto electronic devices characteristics board in order that a wide range of topics on opto electronics devices characteristics be covered in a short span of time. All the circuits for obtaining the characteristics of various devices can be easily assembled on this versatile training board itself. Practical experience on this board carries great educative value for science and engineering students.

Object:
To study the characteristics of the following opto electronic devices :
01. Light emitting diode (led).
02. Photo diode.
03. Photo transistor.
04. Light dependent resistor (l. D. R. ).
05. Photo voltaic cell.
06. Optocoupler.

Features:
The board consists of the following built-in parts:
01. Two 0-10v d. C. At 100ma, continuously variable regulated power supplies.
02. D. C. Milliammeter, 65mm rectangular dial to read 0-10ma.
03. .  d. C microammeter, 65mm rectangular dial, with switch selectable ranges of 50ma, 500ma, 5ma and 50ma.
04. D. C. Voltmeter, 65mm rectangular dial, with switch selectable ranges of 1v and 10v.
05. Opto electronic devices:
5. 1 Light emitting diode (led)
5. 2 Photo diode
5. 3 Photo transistor
5. 4 Light dependent resistance (ldr)
5. 5 Photo voltaic cell
5. 6 Opto coupler
06. Adequate no. Of other electronic components.

• The unit is operative on 230v ±10% at 50hz a. C. Mains.
• Adequate no. Of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
• Good quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections.
• Strongly supported by detailed operating instructions, giving details of object, theory, design procedures, report suggestions and book references.
• Weight : 3 kg. (approx. )
• Dimension : w 340 x h 110 x d 210

Other apparatus required:

• Variac 0-230v, 50hz at 2 amp
• 40 watts, table lamp

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Power Project Board System has been designed to provide instant circuit construction without soldering on the bread board area .Learners can insert components directly on breadboard and make all interconnections as required with 24 Swg (Gauge) solid wire. Within few minutes they can complete their projects/design on the same.Your precious IC’s are not damaged & are instantly reusable, No expensive special jumpers are required. You can insert all components directly without any adapters i.e. IC’s such as types 8, 14, 16, 20 or 40 pin DIP units, LSI’s and all discrete components with lead diameter upto 0.56mm (24 Swg).

• Breadboard : Unique solder-less large size, spring loaded breadboard consisting of 3 Terminal Strips with 1920 tie points and 5 Distribution Strips with 500 tie points , totaling to 2420 tie points.
• Power Supply
• Fixed DC Power Supply : 5 V at 1 Amp.
• Variable DC Power Supply : ± 0 to 15 V at 500 mA

• Mains On/Off Illuminated Switch

• Accessories : Mains Lead, Operating Manual, Adequate no. of patch cords (Total 26)
•  Weight : 4 Kg. (Approx.)
•  Dimension : W 340 x H 110 x D 210
• The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains.
• Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections & observation of waveforms.

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically for the study of pulse amplitude modulation & demodulation. Using this training board one can know the specialized techniques of pulse amplitude modulation & demodulation.

Practical experience on this board carries great educative value for science and engineering students.

• To demonstrate sampling of a sine wave audio signal thereby converting it into pulse amplitude modulated signal (PAM).
• To demonstrate demodulation of PAM signal thereby recovering the sine wave audio signal.
• To demonstrate the effect of sampling-rate on the distortion in recovered ine wave audio signal.

The board consists of the following built-in parts:

• ±9V D.C. at 100mA, IC regulated Power Supply internally connected
• Variable frequency sampling pulse generator
• Sine wave audio frequency modulating signal generator
• PAM Modulator circuit based on an operational amplifier
• PAM Demodulator circuit based on a point contact diode and an operational amplifier
• Adequate no. of other electronic components
• Mains ON/OFF switch, Fuse and Jewel light
• The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains
• Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 2mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre
• Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections/observation of waveforms
• Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References
• Weight : 3 Kg. (Approx.)
• Dimension : W 340 x H 110 x D 210

• Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 20MHz

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically for the study the phase shift keying modulation and demodulation. The board is absolutely self contained and requires only cro.

• To study the generation of the phase shift keyed output and also to demodulate the psk output.

• ± 5v d. C. At 100ma ic regulated power supply internally connected
• Op-amp ic.
• Decade counter ic.
• Quad op-amp. Ic
• Multiplexer ic.
• Quad, 2-input ex-or gate ic
• Mains on/off switch, fuse and jewel light.
• The unit is operative on 230v ±10% at 50hz a. C. Mains.
• Adequate no. Of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
• Good quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections /observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed operating instructions, giving details of object, theory, design procedures, report suggestions and book references.
• Weight : 3 kg. (approx. )
• Dimension : w 340 x h 110 x d 210

•  Cathode ray oscilloscope 20mhz.

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically for the study of amplitude shift key modulation and demodulation. The board is absolutely self contained and requires only CRO.

• To study the generation of the amplitude shift key output and also to demodulate the ASK output.

• ± 12V D.C. at 50mA, IC regulated power supply internally connected.
• ± 5V D.C. at 50mA, IC regulated power supply internally connected.
• Clock Generator 200Hz to 15KHz.
• 8 Bit Word Generator.
• Logic Selection switches for high / low (9Nos).
• Binary Counter (Divided by 16 counter).
• Carrier Signal Generator 40 to 100KHz.
• Amplitude Shift Key (ASK) Modulator.
• Amplitude Shift Key (ASK) Demodulator.
• Mains ON/OFF switch, fuse and jewel light.
• The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains.
• Adequate no. of patch cords stackable 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
• Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections /observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References.
• Weight : 3 Kg. (Approx.)
• Dimension : W 340 x H 110 x D 210

•  Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 20MHz.

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically to study the various parameters in transmission line. Practical experience on this board carries great educative value for science and engineering students.

• Measuring the characteristics of a line
• Measuring the attenuation of a line
• Measuring the Input Impedance of the line
• Phase displacement between the current & voltage at input of line
• Frequency characteristic of the line
• Study of Stationary Waves
• Signal phase shift along the line
• Fault localization within the line
• Line under pulsed condition.

• 4 Nos. Coaxial Cables 25 meters each, total Transmission line 100 metres.
• Two potentiometers for impedance matching.
• Sine/Square wave Signal Generator having frequency 40KHz to 4MHz, in two bands 40KHz to 400KHz & 400KHz to 4MHz.
• A SPDT switch to select either sine or square wave.
• A SPDT switch to select frequency either high (400KHz to 4MHz) or low (40KHz to 400KHz).
• A potentiometer to vary frequency high (400KHz to 4MHz) or low (40KHz to 400KHz).
• A potentiometer to vary amplitude.
• BNC connector to connect input.
• Adequate no. of other electronic components.
• Mains ON/OFF switch, fuse and jewel light.
• The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains.
• Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
• Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections /observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design procedures, Report Suggestions andBook References.
• Weight : 5 Kg. (Approx.)
• Dimension : W 320 x H 190 x D 235

• Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 20MHz.

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• To study pulse code modulation & demodulation.

The board consists of the following built-in parts :

• 5V D.C. at 100mA IC regulated power supply internally connected.
• ± 15V D.C. at 100mA IC regulated power supply internally connected.
• + 5V D.C. to -9V Variable D.C. output.
• Built in TTL Clock Generator 33 KHz.
• Modulating Signal Generator 15Hz to 300Hz.
• PCM Encoder.
• PCM Decoder.
• Data display with LED’s
• Adequate no. of other electronic components.
• Mains ON/OFF switch, fuse and jewel light.
• The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains.
• Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
• Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections /observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References.
• Weight : 3 Kg. (Approx.)
• Dimension : W 340 x H 110 x D 210

• Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 20MHz.

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically to study differential pulse code modulation & demodulation. In the basic DPCM Modulator the base band analog signal is covered into 8 bit digital format using an ADC. The sampling rate is set at 2.5 Khz.The DPCM demodulator receives the serial data, converts it into 8 bit parallel format. The Digital to Analog converter transforms the 8 bit parallel data into analog level. Thus the output of DAC is a stepped approximation of input signal. A low pass filter is used to recover the analog signal.

1. 5V D.C. at 100mA IC regulated power supply internally connected.
2. ± 12V D.C. at 100mA IC regulated power supply internally connected.
3. - 5V D.C. to + 5V D.C. Variable D.C. output.
4. Audio Frequency Oscillator 10Hz to 100Hz for modulation.
5. DPCM Modulator (DPCM ENCODER).
6. DPCM Demodulator (DPCM DECODER).
7. Adequate no. of other electronic components.
8. Mains ON/OFF switch, fuse and jewel light.
9. The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains.
10. Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
11. Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections /observation of waveforms.
12. Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References.
13. Weight : 3 Kg. (Approx.)
14. Dimension : W 340 x H 110 x D 210

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Experimental training board has been designed specifically to study differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation and demodulation.

• To study differential phase shift keying modulation and demodulation.

• ± 5V D.C. at 100mA IC regulated power supply internally connected.
• IC-1 for generating DPSK (Differential Phase Shift Keying) signal.
• IC-5 for generating carrier signals.
• IC-2A for generating Bit Clock.
• IC-6 for generating different Datas.
• IC-2 B & C, IC-3 C & D, IC-4 D-FF2 and Transistor 2, 3 & 4 are used as Demodulator.
• Adequate no. of other electronic components.
• Mains ON/OFF switch, fuse and jewel light.
• The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains.
• Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½ metre.
• Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections /observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References.
• Weight : 3 Kg. (Approx.)
• Dimension : W 340 x H 110 x D 210

• Dual Trace Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 20MHz

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Telephone Trainer is complete working model of telephone. It gives hands on experience on basic telephony concepts, working and different experiments on telephone.The trainer comes complete with exhaustive experiment manual, accessories, test points, and LED's for indication. The complete circuit is printed on single sided PCB in section wise format, depicting the complete flow of system. Practical experience on this trainer carries great educative value for science & engineering Students.

• Understanding of telephone.
• Study of telephone features.
• Study of speech circuit.
• Study of ringer.
• Study of tone dialing.
• Study of pulse dialing.
• Study of switching mechanism between subscriber :-
  1. Incoming call.
  2. Outgoing call.

• Single sided PCB depicting different working sections.
• 35 test points and LED’s provided on board to study signals.
• Power from external telephone line, no power supply is required.
• Pulse dialing as well as tone dialing facility.
• Dialer and ringer section.
• Mute, Redial and ON / OFF hook switches.
• Telephone Handset: 1 Nos.
• Weight : 4 Kg. (Approx.)

• Line in section : One dot line connection port.
• Handset : One handset connection port.
• Keyboard : 4x3 matrix keyboard.
• Dialer : Tone and pulse.
• Facilities : Redial up to 32 digits, Mute, Redial, Flash, Pause switches.
• Indicators : Line in, Hook, tone and ringer, Call mute section.
• Control : Ringer volume control, Ringer speed control.
• Speech path : Fully Non-Blocking.
• Dial pulse ratio : 10 pps + / - 10%.
• Tone frequency : 430 Hz.
• Input power : From telephone line.

01. 35 No. of TP’s test points are provided on board to observe intermediate signals.

• Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for connections / observation of waveforms.
• Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References.

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The SMPS trainer is a very adaptable product that has been designed to explain a very remarkable and frequently used Switching based power supply - The SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supply). The Trainer is designed to understand each section of SMPS in straight forward way. Various test points has been provided so that one can observe the inputs and outputs of each block contained.Being different from a conventional block diagram internal structures of different blocks are also shown. Switching Transformer and Chopper (the Heart of SMPS) are alsopresented to readily understand their operation and pin configuration.

• A low cost Training System demonstrating all basic concepts of SMPS
• In depth elucidation of Switching Transformer, which is one of the most important component of SMPS
• Variac can be connected with the kit
• Fault identification feature enabled
• Easy illustration of each block
• Designed with considering all safety standards
• Provided with a detailed Operating manual
• 2 Years Warranty

• Input : 80 to 230 VAC ±10%, 50 / 60 Hz
• Outputs : 
  • +12 V DC regulated
  • : -12 V DC regulated
  • : +5 V DC regulated
• Switching Transformer
• Input : 320 V DC switching at 132 KHz
• Output : 30 VAC (approx)
• Fuse : 500 mA (Slow blow, spare fuse is given with mains socket)
• Dimension (mm) : W 365 × D 265 × H 120
• Weight : 1.3 Kg (approx

• Study of Switching Transformer
• Study of PWM switching device
• Study of Optocoupler
• Study of Regulation
• Study of SMPS with Variac input
• Study of various faults and their removal in SMPS circuit

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The ATM Demonstrator is a very special Training System that has been designed to understand the working of an Automated Teller machine.The product is designed in such a way that a student can understand each block of ATM in a very easy way. Various test points are given to check inputs and outputs of each block. Being different from a conventional block diagram, internal structures of different blocks are also shown.

• Exclusive appearance and easy illustration of ATM Technology
• A Low cost training system demonstrating all basic concepts of ATM
• Various test points are provided for study purpose
• Provided with an extensive manual
• 2 years Warranty

• Study of ATM Demonstrator operation
• Study of Micro controller based ATM card
• Study of Microcontroller processing with Keypad and LCD
• Study of ATM PC interfacing
• Study of ATM Application Software

• Input : 6 V DC
• Display : 16 × 2 Characters LCD
• Microcontroller : PIC16F877A , PIC16F84A
• PC-Interface : RS - 232 (DB-9)
• Key Matrix : 4 × 3
• Dimension (mm) : W 355 × D 260 × H 125
• Weight : 1.5 Kg (approx)

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1. SMD Identification Board The user is familiarized with different SMD Components -Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors, Diodes, Transistors & IC’s packages.
2. Proto BOARDS  Proto BOARDS are special PCB’s with readymade solder pads for various SMD components & IC’s, which makes the soldering much easy. It includes Through Hole, SO, SOP, Chip Scale package Proto BOARDS.
3. SMD Soldering Jig
4. SMD Soldering Iron AVariable Temperature Controlled Soldering Iron is supplied with lead.
5. SMD components SMD components are supplied for Solder practice. Resistors , Capacitors, Diodes , Transistors
6. Tweezers: Holding & placing of SMD components. 

1. 1. SMD Identification Board with manual 1 no.
2. 2. Proto BOARDS 2 nos each
   1. - Discrete Surface Mount
   2. -SOP
   3. -SO
   4. -Through Holes
   5. -Chip Scale
3. SMD Soldering Jig 1 no.
4. SMD Soldering Iron 1 no.
5. SMD components Resistors , Capacitors, Diodes , Transistors 10 no. each
6. Tweezers 2 no.
7. Manual 1 no.

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The Trainer has been specially designed for learning how to use a Spectrum Analyzer for Frequency and Level Measurements and Tracking Generator applications like HF Filters and Amplifier Response, Channel Modulation, Mixers, study of Mobile and Cordless signals and study of Harmonics in sine, square & triangular waves. TV & FM transmitted signals can be analyzed on Spectrum Analyzer using this Trainer and audio output can be heard on the speaker mounted inside the trainer.

Housing :

All experiments are housed in a single attractive box which is self contained, ready to use having built- in DC power supplies.

Experiments :

The manual describes 18 experiments that can be performed with this trainer and Spectrum Analyzer.

Application I

Filter Responses : Four filters, very precisely designed for checking filter responses on Spectrum Analyzer.

Types of filters are :

1. Low pass Filter (Cut off 115 MHz approx.)

2. High pass Filter (Cut off 100 MHz approx.)

3. Wide Band pass Filter (Cut off 25 MHz - 280 MHz approx.)

4. Notch Filter or narrow band reject filter (Cut off 95 MHz-160 MHz approx.)

Application II

DC Amplifier Frequency Response : A well designed DC

Amplifier having 3 dB cut off bandwidth of approx. 130 MHz

Application III

Harmonic Display & Analysis : A Function Generator of frequency range approx. 40 KHz - 400 KHz (Low) and 200 KHz - 2 MHz (High) having sine, square,& triangular output with frequency variation and output level variation(Max.1 V ). Any one output can be given to Spectrum pp Analyzer for harmonic display.

Application IV

Cable TV application : Three channel modulator (channel 4, channel 8, & channel 12) & one mixer is cascaded. Channel modulations have Audio and Video inputs. The output of modulators and mixer can be seen on Spectrum Analyzer.

Application V

Live signal Application :

Four types of signal can be seen on Spectrum Analyzer

1. Mobile phone forward and reverse link frequency

2. Cordless phone Transmitting and receiving frequencies

3. FM Radio Reception (Demodulated Audio output)

4. TV signal Reception (Demodulated Audio output)

Demodulated output from Spectrum analyzer is given to the built- in speaker via Audio amplifier. A built in telescopic Antenna is provided with Spectrum Analyzer for catching signals

• Power Supply : 220 V ±10%, 50 Hz / 60 Hz on request
• Power Consumption : 2 VA(approx.)
• Weight : 4.5 Kg (approx.)
• Dimensions (mm) : W 440 × D 265 × H 155
• Included accessories :

1. Telescopic Antenna 1 No.
2. Patch Cord
3. BNC Cable 2 Nos.
4. Phono jack connector
5. Manual
6. Mains Cord

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Sumpner's test of two single phase transformers is a very exclusive and important product designed for students of electrical engineering to explain the basic concepts of sumpner's test. With this trainer, students can learn about the significance of conducting the heat run test with two single phase transformers and correspondingly can determine the efficiency and voltage regulation Additionally one can also learn the phenomenon of polarity.

• Stand alone operation
• Exclusive and attractive designed panel
• Designed by considering all the safety precautions
• On board high quality meters are used
• Microcontroller based LCD used to display raising temperature
• Provided with an extensive e-manual
• Two years warranty

• Mains Supply : 230V ±10%, 50Hz
  • Transformers
  • Rating : 1 kVA
  • Primary Voltage : 0 - 125 V, 0 - 125 V
  • Secondary Voltage : 0 - 125 V, 0 - 125 V
• Meters Used
  • Voltmeter (MI) (2Nos.) : 100 V, 300 V
  • Ammeter (MI) (2Nos.) : 1 A, 10 A
  • Wattmeter (MI) (2Nos.) : 100 W, 1000 W
• Auto Transformer : 270 V, 10 A
• MCB : 10 A
• Dimensions (mm) : W 600 ´ D 450 ´ H 600

• Study of Polarity Test with Two Single Phase Transformersl 
• Study of Sumpner's Test-    
  Open Circuit Test
  Short Circuit Test and
  Determination of the Efficiency and Voltage Regulation of Two Single Phase      Transformers.

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Slipring motor belongs to the family of 3Phase Induction motors, with the difference that the rotor is not same as Induction motors instead has windings with slipring & slipring holder on the rotor. These motors find major application in Crane applications & had the advantage over induction motors that by inserting resistance in the rotor winding the speed can be varied, though this advantage is not valid today as Induction motors have go VVVF drives for speed control. This Model is the Industrial/Educational model suitable for demonstrating to students the complete know of the Basics, Components, Starting methods, Speed-Torque behavior, Wear & Tear & Maintenance of these motors packaged in small rating. Students can make connections of their own with the help of the terminations provided for study of features viz Starting methods, Speed control, Speed-Torque, Effect of resistance in rotor, Effects of Single phasing, Effect of voltage imbalance operation, Blocked rotor test.

• Power ratings available : 350W / 750W / 1KW /2 KW / 3KW/ 5KW
• Voltage Input: 440V AC 50hz
• RPM: 1440 / 2880 RPM
• Single / Double shaft extension, 

1. Starting by DOL Starter
2. Starting by reduced voltage starter.
3. Speed variation by Rotor resistance
4. Speed Control by VVVF method
5. Load test & No load test of machine
6. Speed-Torque Analysis
7. Voltage-Speed Analysis
8. Speed reversal
9. Efficiency Analysis
10. Blocked rotor test
11. Cold Resistance & Hot Resistance
12. Motor Operation parameters
13. Basic Overhauling Know how

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These motors belong to the Single phase motor family, but these do not have capacitors to provide the initial turning effect, and hence have a very low starting torque. This Model is the Industrial/Educational model suitable for demonstrating to students the complete know of the Basics, Starting method, Winding study, Study of Speed-Torque, Study of Efficiency & Maintenance of these motors packaged in small rating.Students can make connections of their own with the help of the terminations provided.

• Power ratings available : 1KW / 2KW
• Voltage Input: 230V AC 1Phase 50Hz
• 1500 rpm, Class-B, S1, Single /Double shaft extension

• Starting by DOL Starter
• Starting by reduced voltage starter.
• Load test & No load test of machine
• Speed-Torque Analysis
• Voltage-Speed Analysis
• Efficiency Analysis
• Blocked rotor test
• Cold Resistance & Hot Resistance
• Motor Operation parameters
• Basic Overhauling Know how

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Study Cards can be connected to the 50 Pins KXT Bus of any 8/16 bit Series Microprocessor Trainer Kits. In this Study Card LED's are provided for different signals like Read, Write, Address Lines,Data Lines, Chip Select & Ports depending upon the Peripherals.
Study

(PPI) STUDY CARD

• 24 bit I/O using Programmable Peripheral IC
• All Input/Output ports pins are terminated on 3 eight pin terminals & 26 pin FRC Connector        
• All Input/Output ports are indicated by 3 mm LEDs
• Data lines from AD0 to AD7 are indicated by 3mm LEDs
• Chip Select, A0, A1, Read, Write are indicated by 3mm LEDs
• Hardware Single Step and Full Clock Execution mode are provided
• Single stepping can be performed using micro switch provided on board
• Using this study card all MODE experiment can be performed
• Interface Kit using 50 pin FRC Connector
• User's Manual with Sample Programs

(PTC) STUDY CARD

• Three channel Timer/Counter using Programmable Timer Counter IC
• All Input/Output ports pins are terminated on terminals & 10 pin FRC Connector
• Clock for Counter-0 is internally provided
• Data lines from AD0 to AD7 are indicated by 3mm LEDs
• Chip Select, A0, A1, Read, Write are indicated by 3mm LEDs
• Hardware Single Step and Full Clock Execution modes are provided
• Single stepping can be performed using micro switch provided on board
• Card are supplied in Australian Pine Wood Enclosure
• Using this study card all MODE experiment can be performed
• Interface Kit using 50 pin FRC Connector
• User's Manual with Sample Programs

(PPI WITH TIMER) STUDY CARD

• 22 bit I/O with single channel timer using 8155 Programmable Peripherals IC
• All Input/Output ports pins are terminated on 3 eight pin terminals & 26 pin FRC Connector
• All Input/Output ports are indicated by 3 mm LEDs
• Data lines from AD0 to AD7 are indicated by 3mm LEDs
• Chip Select, IO, Memory, Read, Write are indicated by 3mm LEDs
• Hardware Single Step and Full Clock Execution modes are provided
• Single stepping can be performed using micro switch provided on board
• Using this study card all MODE experiment can be performed
• Interface Kit using 50 pin FRC Connector
• User's Manual with Sample Programs

(USART) STUDY CARD

• Serial communication using  Universal
• Synchronous/ Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter IC
• Output are provided on 9 pin D-Type connector
• Data lines from AD0 to AD7 are indicated by 3mm LEDs
• Chip Select, Read, Write, A0, A1, DTR, DSR, RTS, CTS, TxRDY, RxRDY are indicated by 3mm LEDs          
• Hardware Single Step and Full Clock Execution modes are provided
• Single stepping can be performed using micro switch provided on board
• Using this study card all MODE experiment can be performed
• Interface Kit using 50 pin FRC Connector
• User's Manual with Sample Programs